Friday, June 6, 2014

ഭാരതീയവൈദ്യശാസ്ത്രം....



ഭാരതീയവൈദ്യശാസ്ത്രം....

ലോകത്തിന്റെ മുഴുവുൻ നന്മയ്കു വേണ്ടി പ്രാര്ഥിച്ചിരുന്ന രാഷ്ട്രമായിരുന്നു ഭാരതം. ഭാരതത്തിലെ ഏതൊരു മംഗളകര്മവും അവസാനിച്ചിരുന്നത് ലോകാസമസ്താ സുഖിനോ ഭവന്തു എന്ന മന്ത്രം ചൊല്ലിയായിരുന്നു. ആധുനിക വൈദ്യശാസ്ത്രത്തിന്റെ പിതാവ് എന്നറിയപ്പെടുന്നത് ഹിപ്പോക്രാറ്റിസ് ആണ്. ചരകന്റേയും സുശ്രുതന്റേയും ഗ്രന്ഥങ്ങളെ നാം ഭാരീതയർ തള്ളിപ്പറഞ്ഞ്  1947 ൽ സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം ലഭിച്ചിട്ടും   നാം  എപ്പോഴും  സ്വീകരിക്കുന്നത്   വിദേശിയരുടെ വാക്കുകളെയാണ്.. അവരുടെ തന്നെ വാക്കുകൾ വായിച്ചിട്ടെങ്കിലും  ഭാരതീയശാസ്ത്രത്തിന്റെ വില നമുക്ക് മനസ്സിലാക്കാനായാൽ തന്നെ അത് ധാരാളമാകും. 

१.          The ancient Hindus attained as thorough a proficiency in medicine and surgery as any people whose acquisitions are recorded. This might be expected because patient’s attention and natural streakiness would render them excellent observers whilst the extent and fertility of their native country would furnish them with many valuable drugs and medicaments. Their diagnosis is said, in consequence to define and distinguish symptoms with great accuracy, and their materia medica is most voluminous”-                        
                                                                                                                        Prof.wilson.vol. ।।।

.          “Indian medicine dealt with the whole area of the science it described the structure of the body, its organs, ligaments, muscles, vessels and tissues. The materia medica of the Hindus embraces a vast collection of drugs belonging to the minerals, vegetables and animal kingdoms, many of which have now been adopted by European Physicians. Their pharmacy contained ingenious processes of preparation, with elaborate directions for the administration and classification of medicines. Much attention was devoted to hygiene, regimen of the body and diet.
                                                                       Sir William Hunter.


.          In surgery, too the Indians seem to have attained a special proficiency and in this department European surgeons might, perhaps even of the   present day, still learns something from them, as indeed they have already borrowed from them the operation of Rhinoplastry”.
                                                            Prof.Webber’s Indian Literature.


.          ”Their (The Hindus) surgery is as remarkable as their medicine”.
                                                                        Elphinston’s History of India p.१४७


.          ”The surgical instruments of the Hindus were sufficiently sharp, indeed as to be capable of dividing a hair longitudinally”.
                                                Mrs. Manning - Ancient and Mediaeval India Vol. II. p ३४६


.          ”The surgery of the ancient Indian Physicians was bold and skilful. They conducted amputation, arrested the bleeding by pressure, by cup shaped bandage and boiling oil, practiced lithotomy, performed operations and the abdomen and uterus, cured hernia, fistula, piles, set broken bones and dislocations, and were dexterous in the extraction of foreign substances from the body. A special branch of surgery was devoted to Rhinoplastry or operation for improving deformed ears and noses and ‘forming new ones’. A useful operation which European surgeons have now borrowed. The ancient Indian surgeons have also mentioned a cure for neuralgia, analogues to the modern cutting of the fifth nerve above the eyebrow. They devoted great care to the making of the surgical instruments and to the training of students by means of operations performed on wax spread on board or on the tissues and cells of vegetable kingdom and upon dead animals.
                        They were expert in midwifery not shrinking from the most critical operations and in the disease of women and children. Their practice of physic embraced the classifications, causes, symptoms and treatment of diseases, diagnosis and prognosis. Considerable advances were also made in Veterinary science and monographs exist on the diseases of horses, elephants etc.
                                                                        Sir W W Hunter’s I G India २२१.


. “The Hindus medicine is an independent development”
                                                                        Sir W W Hunter.


. “The Hindus can lay claim to have been acquainted with the main principles of curative and preventive medicine at a time when Europe was still immersed in ignorant surgery. I am not sure whether it is generally known that the ‘science of medicine originated in India’, but this is the case and the science was first exported from India to Arabia and there to Europe. Down to the close of the १७th century, European physicians learnt the science from the works of the Arabic doctors; while the Arabic doctors many centuries before had obtained their knowledge from the works of great Indian physicians such as ‘Dhanvantari’, ‘Charaka’, ‘Sushruta’.
                                                                         Lord Ampthil (Late Governor of Madras) 


. “It is impossible to exhibit India’s ancient science to Europeans unacquainted with Sanskrit or not having access to the native medical libraries, in which we understand many medical works are withheld from Europeans”.
                                                                        Mrs. Manning A & H India Vol. p.३५३.



१०. “Their chemical skill is a fact more striking and more unexpected”.
                                                                        Mrs. Elphinstone.


११. “I wish to impress upon you most strongly that you should not run away with the idea that everything that is good in the way of medicine is contained within the ringed fence of allopathy or western medicine. The longer I remain in India and the more I see of the country and the people, the more convinced. I am that many of the imperial methods of treatment adopted by Vaidyas and Hakims are of the greatest value and there is no doubt whatever that their ancestors knew ages ago many things which are now a day’s being brought forward as new discoveries”.
                                                                                    Sir Parday Sukis D.G of the I. M. S.


१२. “I know that you (Vaidyas and Hakims) can diagnose and treat all diseases and that your treatment of chronic diseases is remarkable. Your treatment of such diseases as Asthma, Ascitis, Insanity diseases of the brain and spinal cord and generative complaints is very successful under the climatic condition of the country and the habits of the people ----As you know India is rich in medicinal products and herbs, many hundreds of which are incorporated in the Indian pharmacopeia. I trust that is time goes on and social intercourse advances, there will be greater co-operation amongst gentle men practicing the two systems of medicine; for we  can undoubtedly learn much from each other, for our object is the same, namely, the cure of diseases”.
                                                                                                            Col. Malaren I.M.S


१३. “In physics and chemistry you have advanced for more. In medicine you are still more advanced Indian medicine, both of the Hindus and Mohammadan is superior to the medicine of the west”. 
                                                                                                            Dr. A. Besant 


१४. “For the poor the indigenous systems are by far the cheaper, as there are plentiful supplies of Ayurvedic drugs available in every part of India and they are used mostly in the fresh form as juices, decoctions etc, which elements costly pharmaceutical processes”.



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